An Analytical Study of Thermal Comfort in Syrian dwellings: A case study of a Social Housing Flat in Damascus

Haj Ali, Walaa (2023) An Analytical Study of Thermal Comfort in Syrian dwellings: A case study of a Social Housing Flat in Damascus. Masters by Research thesis (MPhil), Manchester Metropolitan University.

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Abstract

As a result of the Syrian conflict that began in 2011, individuals remaining in Syria face challenges in accessing energy services and struggle to cover their domestic energy expenses. Consequently, chronic electricity cuts have become commonplace in the country. This situation has left both low-income and middle-income groups unable to afford the costs associated with domestic energy, leading to fuel poverty. As a result, these households often have to prioritize other essential needs overachieving optimal levels of domestic comfort. In light of these circumstances, it is crucial to examine the environmental performance of the current Syrian model of social housing, where a significant number of middle- to low-income groups reside. This research project aims to investigate the factors influencing thermal comfort in social housing within the Syrian context, with a particular focus on bio-climatic design features that can help alleviate the burden of fuel costs for vulnerable groups who cannot afford conventional energy prices. The thesis develops a socio-contextual understanding of building performance in social housing in Syria, focusing on climate, energy supply, and envelope characteristics. The research methods included a comprehensive climate analysis of Damascus, combining subjective methods (diary studies) and objective methods (environmental modeling). These methods were used to analyze the indoor environment of a case study flat in a social housing dwelling in Damascus and the thermal experience of its residents. The thesis demonstrates that residents in Syria are significantly impacted by their indoor conditions, which directly and indirectly influence their spatial decision-making. Additionally, the study investigates how social drivers can directly affect residents' spatial decision-making, thereby indirectly shaping the thermal indoor environment in the dwelling. Finally, the study thoroughly discusses the limitations and provides recommendations for further research.