Electroanalytical overview: the measurement of ciprofloxacin

Crapnell, Robert D ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-3933, Adarakatti, Prashanth S and Banks, Craig E ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-9764 (2024) Electroanalytical overview: the measurement of ciprofloxacin. Sensors & Diagnostics, 3 (1). pp. 40-58. ISSN 2635-0998

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Abstract

Ciprofloxacin is a third-generation synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug which has been used as a broad-spectrum antibiotic to treat a number of bacterial infections. An excessive use or an overdose of ciprofloxacin can result in several adverse effects to humans and therefore its measurement is critical. Electroanalytical based sensors for ciprofloxacin have advantages over laboratory quantification methods, offering cost-effective, rapid, and portable sensing, which are also sensitive and selective. We chart the succession of electroanalytical methodologies directed toward the detection of ciprofloxacin, which starts off with mercury and then turns to using metal oxides, nanomaterials and finally molecular imprinted polymers. Within this perspective, we offer insights into future development in this field for the sensing of ciprofloxacin.