Repeat victimisation, retraumatisation and victim vulnerability

Graham-Kevan, Nicola, Brooks, Matthew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-7769, Willan, VJ, Lowe, Michelle, Robinson, Phaedra, Khan, Roxanne, Stokes, Rachel, Irving, May, Karwacka, Marta and Bryce, Joanne (2015) Repeat victimisation, retraumatisation and victim vulnerability. The Open Criminology Journal, 8 (1). pp. 36-48. ISSN 1874-9178

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Abstract

This study explores the contribution that traumatic experiences and psychological post-traumatic stress symptoms make to predicting subsequent revictimisation in a sample of violent crime victims. In addition, the timing of first trauma exposure was also explored. Fifty-four adult victims (27 male and 27 female) of police recorded violent crime were interviewed and their traumatic exposure history, trauma symptomology, age at first trauma exposure as well as psychological and psychosocial functioning were assessed. These victims were followed longitudinally and subsequent revictimisation between six and twelve months post index victimisation measured. A greater number of types of trauma exposure was related lower emotional stability, higher trauma symptomology and revictimisation. Those victims with childhood traumatic exposure reported more trauma symptomology exposure than those without prior exposure. The implications for law enforcement and victim services are discussed.