Eye-closure & the retrieval of item-specific information in recognition memory

Parker, A and Dagnall, N ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-7604 (2019) Eye-closure & the retrieval of item-specific information in recognition memory. Consciousness and Cognition, 77. ISSN 1053-8100

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Abstract

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Two experiments investigated the effect of eye-closure on visual and auditory memory under conditions based on the retrieval of item-specific information. Experiment 1 investigated visual recognition memory for studied, perceptually similar and unrelated items. It was found that intermittent eye-closure increased memory for studied items and decreased memory for related items. This finding was reflected by enhanced item-specific and reduced gist memory. Experiment 2 used the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm to assess auditory recognition memory for studied, related and unrelated words that had (vs. had not) been accompanied by pictures during encoding. Pictures but not eye-closure produced a picture superiority effect by enhancing memory for studied items. False memory was reduced by pictures but not eye-closure. Methodological and theoretical considerations are discussed in relation to existing explanations of eye-closure and retrieval strategies.