The Efficacy of Energy-Restricted Diets in Achieving Preoperative Weight Loss for Bariatric Patients: a Systematic Review.

Naseer, Fathimath, Shabbir, Asim, Livingstone, Barbara, Price, Ruth, Syn, Nicholas L and Flannery, Orla ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4669-2781 (2018) The Efficacy of Energy-Restricted Diets in Achieving Preoperative Weight Loss for Bariatric Patients: a Systematic Review. Obesity surgery, 28 (11). pp. 3678-3690. ISSN 0960-8923

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Abstract

In bariatric practice, a preoperative weight loss of at least 5% is recommended. However, the hypocaloric diets prescribed vary and no consensus exists. This study examined the efficacy of preoperative diets in achieving 5% weight loss. From a systematic literature search, eight randomised controlled trials (n = 862) were identified. Half of the trials used a "very-low-calorie diet" whilst the rest employed a "low-calorie diet". Only five diets achieved ≥ 5% weight loss over varying durations and energy intakes. By inference, compliance with a 700-1050 kcal (2929-4393 kJ) diet, consisting of moderate carbohydrate, high protein and low/moderate fat, for 3 weeks is likely to achieve 5% weight loss. A low-carbohydrate diet (< 20 g/day) may achieve this target within a shorter duration. Additional research is required to validate these conclusions.