Altered muscle satellite cell activation following 16 wk of resistance training in young men

Nederveen, Joshua P, Snijders, Tim, Joanisse, Sophie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9983-9401, Wavell, Christopher G, Mitchell, Cameron J, Johnston, Leeann M, Baker, Steven K, Phillips, Stuart M and Parise, Gianni (2017) Altered muscle satellite cell activation following 16 wk of resistance training in young men. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 312 (1). R85-R92. ISSN 0363-6119

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Abstract

Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SC) play an important role in muscle adaptation. In untrained individuals, SC content and activation status have been observed to increase in response to a single bout of exercise. Muscle fiber characteristics change considerably when resistance exercise is performed chronically, but whether training status affects the activity of SC in response to a single bout of exercise remains unknown. We examined the changes in SC content and activation status following a single bout of resistance exercise, before and following a 16-wk progressive resistance training (RT) program in 14 young (25 ± 3 yr) men. Before and after RT, percutaneous biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were taken before a single bout of resistance exercise and after 24 and 72 h of postexercise recovery. Muscle fiber size, capillarization, and SC response were determined by immunohistochemistry. Following RT, there was a greater activation of SC after 24 h in response to a single bout of resistance exercise (Pre, 1.4 ± 0.3; 24 h, 3.1 ± 0.3 Pax7<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>/MyoD<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> cells per 100 fibers) compared with before RT (Pre, 1.4 ± 0.3; 24 h, 2.2 ± 0.3 Pax7<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>/MyoD<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> cells per 100 fibers, P &lt; 0.05); no difference was observed 72 h postexercise. Following 16 wk of RT, MyoD mRNA expression increased from basal to 24 h after the single bout of exercise ( P &lt; 0.05); this change was not observed before training. Individual capillary-to-fiber ratio (C/F i) increased in both type I (1.8 ± 0.3 to 2.0 ± 0.3 C/F i, P &lt; 0.05) and type II (1.7 ± 0.3 to 2.2 ± 0.3 C/F i, P &lt; 0.05) fibers in response to RT. After RT, enhanced activation of SC in response to resistance exercise is accompanied by increases in muscle fiber capillarization.