Reference Data for Lunar iDXA for the Assessment of Bone Health in Indian Children and Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study

Khadilkar, A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-3235, Oza, C, Sanwalka, N, Kajale, N, Patwardhan, V, Ladkat, D, Ireland, A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-9183, Padidela, R and Khadilkar, V (2025) Reference Data for Lunar iDXA for the Assessment of Bone Health in Indian Children and Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian Pediatrics, 62 (8). pp. 578-585. ISSN 0019-6061

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00091-9

Abstract

Objective: Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the commonest bone densitometry technique in children. As no pediatric reference database for Indian children using a narrow fan beam densitometer is available, the aim of the study was to provide sex- and age-specific reference percentile curves for the assessment of bone health using the Lunar iDXA in 1–19-year-old Indian children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2017 and July 2022 involving 1247 (607 girls) healthy children from Pune, India. The bone mineral content [BMC (g)], bone area [BA (cm2)], and bone mineral density [BMD (g/cm2)] were measured using the GE-Lunar iDXA narrow-angle fan beam scanner. Reference percentile curves were generated for total body BMC (TBBMC), total body BA (TBBA), lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density [BMAD (g/cm3)], and left femoral neck BMAD. Additionally, we provided percentile curves for TBBA relative to height, TBBMC relative to TBBA, lean body mass (LBM) relative to height, and TBBMC relative to LBM. Results: Mean (SD) bone parameters were expressed by age groups for boys and girls separately. The average annual age-related increase in TBBMD, lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD was 6.3, 7.2, and 4.5%, respectively, across different age groups. The median TBBA and TBBMC for height were higher in boys than girls by 14.7 and 24.9%, respectively. Similarly, the median TBBMC for LBM was 36.8% higher in boys as compared to girls. Conclusion: The study reports reference curves for DXA parameters (narrow fan beam) for Indian children and youth.

Item Type:	Article (Article)
Peer-reviewed:	Yes
Date Deposited:	03 Sep 2025 08:54
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Additional Information:	This is an author accepted manuscript of an article published in Indian Pediatrics, by Springer. This version is deposited with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/], in accordance with Man Met's Research Publications Policy. The version of record can be found on the publisher's website.
Divisions:	Faculties > Science and Engineering Faculties > Science and Engineering > Department of Life Science
Subject terms:	Humans, Absorptiometry, Photon, Cross-Sectional Studies, Bone Density, Reference Values, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, India, Female, Male, Young Adult, Bone density, Bone mineral assessment, Centile curves, Dual X-ray absorptiometry, Normative curves, Humans, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Male, Female, Adolescent, India, Bone Density, Absorptiometry, Photon, Reference Values, Child, Preschool, Infant, Young Adult, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Pediatrics, 3213 Paediatrics
Data Access Statement:	Any additional data will be made available at a reasonable request to the corresponding author.
URI:	https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/641631
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00091-9
ISSN	0019-6061
e-ISSN	0974-7559

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