Bullying Experience Among Nigerian Physiotherapists: Prevalence and Impact on Workplace Performance

Mbada, Chidozie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-7432, Efunniyi, Adenike O, Omole, John O, Adegbemigun, Oluwafemi D, Ademoyegun, Adekola B, Fasuyi, Francis and Adekanla, Babatunde A (2025) Bullying Experience Among Nigerian Physiotherapists: Prevalence and Impact on Workplace Performance. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 20 (2). pp. 234-241. ISSN 1658-3612

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Abstract

Objectives: Bullying in physiotherapy education and practice is a significant issue that has received limited attention in the literature. This study assessed the prevalence and impact of bullying experiences on work performance among Nigerian physiotherapists, while also identifying the sociodemographic factors associated with these bullying experiences. Methods: Ninety-seven physiotherapists from six purposively selected federal hospitals in South-West Nigeria participated in this study. An educational pamphlet was initially provided to consenting respondents to clarify the concept of bullying as a psychosocial construct. Subsequently, bullying experiences and their impact on work performance were assessed using validated self-administered questionnaires. Data on sociodemographic and work characteristics of the respondents were also collected. Results: The study found a 40.2% prevalence of bullying experiences. Of those affected, 51.3% experienced vertical bullying, 12.8% lateral bullying, and 35.9% both forms. Vertical bullying was primarily perpetrated by chief medical directors (15.8%), consultants (15.8%), and medical officers (31.6%). Bullying experiences were associated with negative work performance (40.2%) and poor teamwork with other health professionals (61.6%). There was a significant association between the level of bullying experience and work performance (χ² = 84.718, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Nigerian physiotherapists experience a high prevalence of lateral and vertical bullying, which negatively impacts their work performance and relationships with other healthcare providers. Addressing this issue is crucial for a healthier work environment and better professional interactions.