Electroanalytical overview: the sensing of dopamine

Crapnell, Robert D ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-3933 and Banks, Craig E ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-9764 (2024) Electroanalytical overview: the sensing of dopamine. In: Electrochemistry. SPR - Electrochemistry (18). Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 112-135. ISBN 9781837674718 (print); 9781837676392 (ebook)

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Abstract

Dopamine (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine) is a key neurotransmitter where a high level of dopamine indicates cardiotoxicity while low levels may contribute to depression, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Clearly, there is the need for the measurement of dopamine where laboratory based analytical instrumentation provide a routine methodology, but there is scope to develop in-the-field analytical measurements that are comparable to laboratory equipment. Electroanalysis provides an opportunity where sensors provide highly sensitive and selective outputs, are rapid and economical, and where instrumentation are readily portable and able to support on-site analysis. In this chapter we summarise the use of electroanalysis for the detection of dopamine, where we are focusing on the materials used, namely, zero-, one-, two- and three-dimensional materials.