Design and Performance Analysis of an Additively Manufactured Patch Antenna for 5.3 GHz Applications

Uko, Mfonobong, Ekpo, Sunday ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-3759, Elias, Fanuel, Unnikrishnan, Rahul, Olasunkanmi, Nurudeen and Alabi, Stephen (2024) Design and Performance Analysis of an Additively Manufactured Patch Antenna for 5.3 GHz Applications. In: The Third International Adaptive and Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology Conference (ASSET 2024), 16 July 2024 - 18 July 2024, Manchester, United Kingdom. (In Press)

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Abstract

This paper presents a newly developed additively manufactured patch antenna designed for sub-GHz operations at 5.3 GHz, suitable for urban IoT communications. We conduct a thorough/comprehensive analysis of the antenna’s efficiency, gain, radiated power, and return loss characteristics. The input power was set to a minimal 0.00218669 Watts to emphasize energy efficiency, achieving a radiated power of 0.000810244 Watts. Despite the low power levels, the antenna demonstrated a directivity of 6.75826 dB, ensuring targeted communication capabilities. The antenna’s gain was recorded at 2.44565 dB, which, while modest, is sufficient for short-range communications typical in IoT scenarios. The radiation efficiency was measured at 37%, a significant figure that underscores the effectiveness of the design in converting input power to radiative energy. The maximum intensity of radiation was found to be 0.00030556 Watts per Steradian, highlighting the antenna’s capability to focus energy efficiently in specific directions. These results suggest that the antenna is well-suited for applications requiring efficient power usage and targeted coverage, making it an excellent candidate for IoT deployments in densely populated areas where precision and efficiency are paramount.