The STAIRS Model: a resilience framework that enhances the outcomes of looked after children and care leavers

Cordner, Carla Margaret (2024) The STAIRS Model: a resilience framework that enhances the outcomes of looked after children and care leavers. Doctoral thesis (PhD), Manchester Metropolitan University.

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Abstract

This thesis investigates the mediating processes connecting resilience with positive outcomes among care leavers. The primary aim is to identify factors associated with resilience in care leavers, emphasising their ability to overcome adversity and achieve positive life outcomes. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods, with a strong emphasis on the qualitative data, to shed light on the mediating processes that contribute to resilience in care leavers. An extensive literature review and analysis deepen the understanding of resilience within this vulnerable group, adopting a 'strengths-based approach'; ultimately, identifying factors that promote positive outcomes, contributing to a deeper understanding of resilience in this group, providing guidance for policymakers and practitioners. The research examines generational differences resulting from the historical implementation of the Children Act 1989 and Children (Leaving Care) Act 2000 on support available to care leavers. It analyses the impact on care leavers' transition to independent adulthood and identifies past improvements achieved. Specifically, the effectiveness of local authority support until age twenty-five and the role of personal advisors are investigated. This study highlights the positive changes and increased resilience that have resulted from past modifications to the support systems for care leavers by analysing historical, social and legislative advancements. The central finding of this research is the 'STAIRS' model of resilience. The model highlights essential factors contributing to care leavers' optimal resilience after leaving care, including Stability during care, Trust in care and after leaving care, post-care Accomplishments, means to embrace Independence, healthy Relationships during and after care and consistent Support. In conclusion, the thesis offers a new comprehensive analysis of the mediating processes linking resilience with positive outcomes in care leavers. The 'STAIRS' model provides insights into factors fostering resilience and promoting positive trajectories, which can be used to inform the development of effective support systems and interventions to enhance the well-being and prospects of care leavers as they transition to independent adulthood.