Activation of skeletal muscle mechanoreceptors and nociceptors reduces the exercise performance of the contralateral homologous muscles

Zambolin, Fabio ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-6965, Laginestra, Fabio Giuseppe, Favaretto, Thomas, Giuriato, Gaia, Ottaviani, Matteo Maria, Schena, Federico, Duro-Ocana, Pablo, McPhee, Jamie S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-0773 and Venturelli, Massimo (2024) Activation of skeletal muscle mechanoreceptors and nociceptors reduces the exercise performance of the contralateral homologous muscles. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 327 (4). R389-R399. ISSN 0363-6119

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Abstract

Increasing evidence suggests that activation of muscle nerve afferents may inhibit central motor drive, affecting contractile performance of remote exercising muscles. Although these effects are well documented for metaboreceptors, very little is known about the activation of mechano- and mechanonociceptive afferents on performance fatigability. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of mechanoreceptors and nociceptors on performance fatigability. Eight healthy young males undertook four randomized experimental sessions on separate occasions in which the experimental knee extensors were the following: 1) resting (CTRL), 2) passively stretched (ST), 3) resting with delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), or 4) passively stretched with DOMS (DOMS+ST), whereas the contralateral leg performed an isometric time to task failure (TTF). Changes in maximal voluntary contraction (ΔMVC), potentiated twitch force (ΔQtw,pot), and voluntary muscle activation (ΔVA) were also assessed. TTF was reduced in DOMS+ST (−43%) and ST (−29%) compared with CTRL. DOMS+ST also showed a greater reduction of VA (−25% vs. −8%, respectively) and MVC compared with CTRL (−28% vs. −45%, respectively). Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly increased at the initial stages (20–40–60%) of the TTF in DOMS+ST compared with all conditions. These findings indicate that activation of mechanosensitive and mechanonociceptive afferents of a muscle with DOMS reduces TTF of the contralateral homologous exercising limb, in part, by reducing VA, thereby accelerating mechanisms of central fatigue.