Design and Characterisation of 5G-Enabled Wireless Charging System

Zafar, Muazzam (2022) Design and Characterisation of 5G-Enabled Wireless Charging System. Masters by Research thesis (MSc), Manchester Metropolitan University.

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Abstract

The report presents the design and characterisation of Omni-directional inset-fed microstrip patch antenna (MPA), multiband Omni-directional microstrip antenna array (2×2 and 4×4) fractals; omnidirectional tri-band microstrip patch antenna, multiband 3-, 5-, and 9-port radio frequency (RF) hybrid power divider-combiner (HPDC) designs, and rectifier circuit design with matching networks. The proposed designs promise multiband characteristics at Wi-Fi 6E frequency bands, i.e., at 2.4 GHz (ISM, IEEE 802.11b, g); 5.8 GHz (IEEE 802.11n,a and 802.11ac), and 6 GHz (IEEE 802.11ax) wireless standards for RF energy harvesting (EH) and wireless communication applications. The report also presents a novel design of a power management unit (PMU) utilised for power handling in the RF energy harvester circuit block for EH applications. The research project will enable energy-efficient 5G-enabled passive Internet of Things (IoTs) sensors, energy harvesting (EH), passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna beamforming, and data communication applications spanning DC to the 6-GHz frequency range. The presented designs operate at a centre-design frequency of 3 GHz on a Rogers RO4350 and Rogers RT-duriod 5870 substrate. The designed inset-feed microstrip patch antenna and multiband microstrip patch antenna array demonstrate a good return loss, gain, and electromagnetic-field (EMF) radiation efficiency of more than 80%. The designed novel HPDC presents a good match between the ports, high isolation between the output ports, and equal power distribution between the output ports. The obtained return and isolation losses are less than -10 dB for the Wi-Fi 6E standards. The HSMS2860 diode is utilized for rectifier circuits, and an efficiency of 70% is achieved at 12 dBm input power. The reported findings hold excellent promise for RF-EH and utilisation, adaptive, intelligent energy-efficient data communication, and seamless, ubiquitous satellite-cellular convergence connectivity applications.