Hybrid Power Divider and Combiner for Passive RFID Tag Wireless Energy Harvesting

Zafar, Muazzam, Ekpo, Sunday ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-3759, George, Jeena, Sheedy, Paul, Uko, Mfonobong and Gibson, Andy (2021) Hybrid Power Divider and Combiner for Passive RFID Tag Wireless Energy Harvesting. IEEE Access, 10. pp. 502-515.

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Abstract

This paper presents three- and five-ports radio frequency (R.F) hybrid power divider combiner (HPDC) designs with multiband characteristics operating at 2.4 GHz (ISM, IEEE 802.11b,g); 5.8 GHz (IEEE 802.11n, a and 802.11ac); and 6 GHz (IEEE 802.11ax) wireless standards for energy-efficient 5G-enabled passive Internet of Things (IoTs) sensors; energy harvesting (E.H); passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags; multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna beamforming; and data communication applications spanning D.C to the 6-GHz frequency range. The presented HPDC designs operate at a centre-design frequency of 3 GHz on a Rogers RO4350 substrate. The designed novel HPDC demonstrates a good match between the ports, high isolation between the output ports, and equal power distribution between the output ports. Furthermore, the obtained return and isolation losses are less than -10 dB for the Wi-Fi 6E standards. The reported findings hold an excellent promise for R.F energy harvesting and utilisation, adaptive intelligent energy-efficient data communication, and seamless, ubiquitous satellite-cellular convergence connectivity applications.