The None in Three Victim Responsiveness Assessment (Ni3: VRA): a new outcome measure for intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention programs

Debowska, Agata, Boduszek, Daniel, Willmott, Dominic ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7449-6462 and Jones, Adele D (2019) The None in Three Victim Responsiveness Assessment (Ni3: VRA): a new outcome measure for intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention programs. Journal of Children's Services, 14 (2). pp. 97-106. ISSN 1746-6660

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Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate the None in Three Victim Responsiveness Assessment (Ni3: VRA) examining affective and cognitive responsiveness toward victims of intimate partner violence. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected at two time points in a sample of 359 young people from Barbados and Grenada (56.27 percent female; M age ¼ 12.73 years). Findings – Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the Ni3: VRA scores are best captured by a two-factor solution, including affective and cognitive dimensions. A test-retest correlation confirmed the reliability of the Ni3: VRA over time. Affective responsiveness formed a significant positive association with caring/cooperative behavior. Originality/value – The Ni3: VRA can be used for the evaluation of preventive strategies aimed at reducing the rates of IPV. Keywords Confirmatory factor analysis, Prevention, Children and young people, Victim empathy, Intimate partner violence (IPV), The None in Three Victim Responsiveness Assessment (Ni3: VRA)