Soluble factors released from activated T-lymphocytes regulate C2C12 myoblast proliferation and cellular signalling, but effects are blunted in the elderly

Al-Dabbagh, Sarah, McPhee, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-0773, Piasecki, Mathew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7804-4631, Stewart, Claire and Al-Shanti, nasser ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-2649 (2019) Soluble factors released from activated T-lymphocytes regulate C2C12 myoblast proliferation and cellular signalling, but effects are blunted in the elderly. Journals of Gerontology, Series A, 74 (9). pp. 1375-1385. ISSN 1079-5006

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Abstract

The key objective of this work was to investigate the impact of young and old human lymphocyte secretomes on C2C12 myoblasts regeneration. Conditioned media (CMs) were harvested from isolated young and older lymphocytes treated with (activated AC), or without (non-activated NA), anti-CD3/CD28 activators for 4 days. AC conditioned media from older lymphocytes had decreased levels of amphiregulin (367±208pg/ml vs. 904±323pg/ml; p=0.018) and IGF-I (845±88ng/ml vs. 1100±48ng/ml; p=0.032) compared with younger AC. AC older vs younger lymphocytes had reduced expression of CD25 (24.6±5.5%; p=0.0003) and increased expression of FoxP3 (35±15.7%; p=0.032). Treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with young AC resulted in decreased expression of MyoD (0.46±0.12; p=0.004) and Myogenin (0.34±0.05; p=0.010) mRNA, increased activation of MEk1 (724±140 MFI; p=0.001) and ERK1/2 (3768±314 MFI; p=0.001) and a decreased activation of Akt (74.5±4 MFI; p=0.009) and mTOR (61.8±7 MFI; p=0.001) compared with old AC. By contrast, C2C12 myoblasts treated with older AC displayed increased expression of MyoD (0.7±0.08; p=0.004) and Myogenin (0.68±0.05; p=0.010) mRNA, decreased phosphorylation of MEk1 and ERK1/2 (528±80 MFI; p=0.008, and 1141±668 MFI; p=0.001, respectively) and increased Akt/mTOR activation (171±35 MFI; p=0.009, and 184±33 MFI; p=0.001, respectively). These data provide new evidence that differences between older and younger lymphocyte secretomes contribute to differential responses of C2C12 myoblasts in culture.