Geometry-based Localization for GPS Outage in Vehicular Cyber Physical Systems

Kaiwartya, O, Cao, Y, Lloret, J, Kumar, S, Aslam, N, Kharel, R, Abdullah, AH and Shah, RR (2018) Geometry-based Localization for GPS Outage in Vehicular Cyber Physical Systems. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67 (5). pp. 3800-3812. ISSN 0018-9545

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Abstract

Recently, vehicular localization has witnessed significant attention due to the growing number of location-based services in vehicular cyber physical systems (VCPS) environments. In vehicular localization, GPS outage is a challenging issue due to the growing urbanization including high rise buildings, multi-level flyovers and bridges in cities. Various GPS-free and GPS-assisted cooperative localization techniques have been suggested in literature for GPS outage. Due to the cost of infrastructure in GPS-free techniques, and the absence of location aware neighbors in cooperative techniques, efficient and scalable localization is a challenging task in VCPS environments. In this context, this paper proposes a geometry-based localization for GPS outage in VCPS (GeoLV). It is a GPS-assisted localization which reduces location aware neighbor constraint of cooperative localization. GeoLV utilizes mathematical geometry to estimate location of a vehicle focusing on vehicular dynamics and road trajectory. The static and dynamic relocations are performed to reduce the impact of GPS outage on location-based services. Analytical and case study based comparative performance evaluation has been carried out to assess the efficiency and scalability of GeoLV. From the analysis of results, it is evident that GeoLV handles both shorter and longer GPS outage problem better than the state-of-the-art techniques in VCPS environments.