PETTLEP imagery and video-observation: a motivation case study of four badminton players

Ramirez, Fernando Ramirez, Smith, Dave and Holmes, Paul S. (2010) PETTLEP imagery and video-observation: a motivation case study of four badminton players. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 17 (4). pp. 207-272. ISSN 1899-1998 (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of both PETTLEP imagery and video-observation on the motivation of badminton players using a multiple-baseline across-participants design. Material and methods. Four badminton players were examined. The Situational Intrinsic Motivation Scale was employed to measure participants’ situational motivation toward a badminton service activity. The imagery intervention consisted of twelve imagery sessions (two per week for 6 weeks), and the video-observation intervention involved 6 video-observation sessions (two per week for 3 weeks). Video-observation was administered using a multiple-baseline design commencing at Week 4 for Participants 3 and 4 and at Week 7 for Participants 1 and 2, respectively. Results. Visual inspection of results, means scores and effect size calculations suggested increases in self-determined forms of motivation (e.g. intrinsic motivation) for three badminton players, and decreases in less self-determined types of motivation (e.g. extrinsic motivation) for three of the four participants during the imagery intervention. Data also showed greater increases in self-determined forms of motivation for three participants, and greater decreases in less self-determined types of motivation for two of the participants during the imagery + video-observation period. Conclusion. These findings supported the use