Docosahexaenoic acid reduces in vitro invasion of renal cell carcinoma by elevated levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1

McCabe, Anthony J., Wallace, Julie M. W., Gilmore, William S., McGlynn, Hugh and Strain, Sean J. (2005) Docosahexaenoic acid reduces in vitro invasion of renal cell carcinoma by elevated levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 16 (1). pp. 17-22. ISSN 1873-4847

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Abstract

We demonstrate in this study that the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from fish oil, namely, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can increase levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the renal cell carcinoma cell line caki-1 by 26% and 17.42% respectively. The result of this elevation in TIMP-1 levels is a reduction of 48.48% in caki-1 invasion through the basement membrane component matrigel when cells are treated with DHA. By inhibition of 2-series prostaglandin production, a similar increase in TIMP-1 was observed in caki-1 cells. We conclude that the polyunstaurated fatty acid DHA, a component of fish oil, is capable of significantly reducing the invasive profile of renal cell carcinoma, and that this reduction is regulated by levels of 2-series prostaglandin production.